Search results for "quantum [fluctuation]"

showing 10 items of 4977 documents

Relativistic simulations of rotational core collapse : I. Methods, initial models, and code tests

2002

We describe an axisymmetric general relativistic code for rotational core collapse. The code evolves the coupled system of metric and fluid equations using the ADM 3+1 formalism and a conformally flat metric approximation of the Einstein equations. The relativistic hydrodynamics equations are formulated as a first-order flux-conservative hyperbolic system and are integrated using high-resolution shock-capturing schemes based on Riemann solvers. We assess the quality of the conformally flat metric approximation for relativistic core collapse and present a comprehensive set of tests which the code successfully passed. The tests include relativistic shock tubes, the preservation of the rotatio…

Angular momentumAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaRotational symmetryFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)AstrophysicsNumerical methodAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGravitational wavesGravitationRelativitysymbols.namesakeWaveformPhysicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)Astronomy and Astrophysics:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Hyperbolic systemsNeutron starRiemann hypothesisClassical mechanicsSpace and Planetary ScienceGravitational waves ; Hydrodynamics ; Numerical method ; RelativitysymbolsHydrodynamicsFluid equationUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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Ab initio quasi-relativistic calculations on angular momentum and magnetic couplings of molecular electronic states.

2002

Abstract We formulate an ab initio method of quasirelativistic calculations on angular momentum and magnetic transition matrix elements between adiabatic electronic states of molecules. Our approach is based on the construction of a state-selective effective Hamiltonian and transition density matrices by means of the multireference many-body perturbation theory. Pilot applications to the evaluation of B 0 + u → B ″1 u predissociation matrix elements in I 2 and interactions in the B 0 + u ∼ B 1 u complex of Te 2 are reported.

Angular momentumChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureDiatomic moleculesymbols.namesakeMatrix (mathematics)Ab initio quantum chemistry methodssymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Adiabatic process
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Studies of narrow autoionizing resonances in gadolinium

2003

The autoionization (AI) spectrum of gadolinium between the first and second limits has been investigated by triple-resonance excitation with high-resolution cw lasers. A large number of narrow AI resonances have been observed and assigned total angular momentum J values. The resonances are further divided into members of AI Rydberg series converging to the second limit or other ''interloping'' levels. Fine structure in the Rydberg series has been identified and interpreted in terms of Jc j coupling. A number of detailed studies have been performed on the interloping resonances: These include lifetime determination by lineshape analysis, isotope shifts, hyperfine structure, and photoionizati…

Angular momentumChemistryPhotoionizationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakeAutoionizationTotal angular momentum quantum numberExcited stateRydberg formulasymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsInstrumentationHyperfine structureSpectroscopyExcitationSpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Quantum state engineering using one-dimensional discrete-time quantum walks

2017

Quantum state preparation in high-dimensional systems is an essential requirement for many quantum-technology applications. The engineering of an arbitrary quantum state is, however, typically strongly dependent on the experimental platform chosen for implementation, and a general framework is still missing. Here we show that coined quantum walks on a line, which represent a framework general enough to encompass a variety of different platforms, can be used for quantum state engineering of arbitrary superpositions of the walker's sites. We achieve this goal by identifying a set of conditions that fully characterize the reachable states in the space comprising walker and coin, and providing …

Angular momentumComputer scienceQuantum dynamicsQuantum technologiesFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum simulator02 engineering and technologyTopologySpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasSet (abstract data type)Open quantum systemQuantum statequantum informationQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesExperimental platformquantum walksQuantum walk010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum networkQuantum PhysicsHigh-dimensional systemsQuantum state preparationbusiness.industryOrbital angular momentumQuantum-state engineeringArbitrary superpositionOne-way quantum computer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsArbitrary quantum stateQuantum technologyDiscrete time and continuous timeLine (geometry)PhotonicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Machine Learning-Based Classification of Vector Vortex Beams.

2020

Structured light is attracting significant attention for its diverse applications in both classical and quantum optics. The so-called vector vortex beams display peculiar properties in both contexts due to the non-trivial correlations between optical polarization and orbital angular momentum. Here we demonstrate a new, flexible experimental approach to the classification of vortex vector beams. We first describe a platform for generating arbitrary complex vector vortex beams inspired to photonic quantum walks. We then exploit recent machine learning methods -- namely convolutional neural networks and principal component analysis -- to recognize and classify specific polarization patterns. O…

Angular momentumComputer sciencequantum opticquanutm informationphotonicsPrincipal component analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesConvolutional neural networkSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiaquant-phPolarization0103 physical sciencesQuantum walk010306 general physicsQuantum opticsorbital angular momentum; machine learning; vector vortex beamsQuantum PhysicsQuantum opticsbusiness.industryVortex flowOptical polarizationVectorsVortexmachine learningConvolutional neural networksArtificial intelligencePhotonicsbusinessQuantum Physics (quant-ph)computerStructured lightPhysical review letters
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Wavelet analysis and HHG in nanorings: their applica-tions in logic gates and memory mass devices

2015

We study the application of one nanoring driven by a laser field in different states of polarization in logic circuits. In particular we show that assigning Boolean values to different states of the incident laser field and to the emitted signals, we can create logic gates such as OR, XOR and AND. We also show the possibility of making logic circuits such as half-adder and full-adder using one and two nanorings respectively. Using two nanorings we made the Toffoli gate. Finally we use the final angular momentum acquired by the electron to store information and hence show the possibility of using an array of nanorings as a mass memory device.

Angular momentumFOS: Physical sciencesToffoli gate02 engineering and technologyElectronTopology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionWaveletlaw0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)LaserLogic gateLogic gate quantum information nanoring quantum ring laser interaction wavelet high harmonic generationMaterials Science (all)0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)NanoringPhysics - OpticsHardware_LOGICDESIGNOptics (physics.optics)
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Gravity Probe Spin: Prospects for measuring general-relativistic precession of intrinsic spin using a ferromagnetic gyroscope

2020

An experimental test at the intersection of quantum physics and general relativity is proposed: measurement of relativistic frame dragging and geodetic precession using intrinsic spin of electrons. The behavior of intrinsic spin in spacetime dragged and warped by a massive rotating body is an experimentally open question, hence the results of such a measurement could have important theoretical consequences. Such a measurement is possible by using mm-scale ferromagnetic gyroscopes in orbit around the Earth. Under conditions where the rotational angular momentum of a ferromagnet is sufficiently small, a ferromagnet's angular momentum is dominated by atomic electron spins and is predicted to e…

Angular momentumGeneral relativityFOS: Physical sciencesElectronFrame-draggingGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciences7. Clean energyGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologylaw.inventionPhysics::Geophysicslaw0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsSpin (physics)Geodetic effectPhysicsQuantum Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsGyroscopeQuantum electrodynamicsPhysics::Space PhysicsPrecessionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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X-ray measurements of charge transfer reactions involving cold, very highly charged ions

1999

The magnetic trapping mode of the Livermore high-energy Electron Beam Ion Trap is exploited to study charge transfer reactions between cold (few eV/amu) highly charged ions and gases. By selectively puffing neutral gases and monitoring the x-ray emission, state-selective measurements of the charge transfer reaction channels are possible. The observed K-shell x-ray spectra show prominent emission from high-n levels decaying to the n = 1 ground level, which is enabled by electron capture into states with low orbital angular momentum. A comparison with modeling calculations, therefore, allows a determination of the range of principal and angular momentum quantum numbers involved in the reactio…

Angular momentumRange (particle radiation)Materials scienceElectron captureTotal angular momentum quantum numberCharge (physics)Atomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsMathematical PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineElectron beam ion trapIon
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High‐nuclearity mixed‐valence magnetic clusters : A general solution of the double exchange problem

1996

We report here a general solution of the double‐exchange problem in the high‐nuclearity mixed valence systems containing arbitrary number P of the electrons delocalized over the network of N (P<N) localized spins. The developed approach is based on the successive (chainlike) spin‐coupling scheme and takes full advantage from the quantum angular momentum theory. In the framework of this approach the closed‐form analytical expressions are deduced for the matrix elements of the double exchange interaction, two‐electron transfer, and three‐center interaction that can be referred to as the potential exchange transfer. For the arbitrary nuclearity mixed‐valence systems the matrix elements of all …

Angular momentumValence (chemistry)SpinsChemistryExchange interactionExchange InteractionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectron TransferQuantum numberLocalized StatesUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaDelocalized electronMolecular ClustersQuantum mechanicsMixed−Valence CompoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMatrix ElementsSpin−Lattice Relaxation:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Exchange Interactions ; Molecular Clusters ; Matrix Elements ; Electron Transfer ; Localized States ; Spin−Lattice Relaxation ; Mixed−Valence CompoundsQuantumBasis set
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The Ã 1Au state and the T2 potential surface of acetylene: Implications for triplet perturbations in the fluorescence spectra of the à state

1996

The cis–trans isomerization reaction on the T2 surface of acetylene and the lowest excited singlet state of acetylene, A 1Au, are investigated by ab initio electronic structure theory. We report optimized geometries, dipole moments, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of stationary points and adiabatic energy differences between them using basis sets as large as triple‐ζ plus double polarization with higher angular momentum functions, TZ(2df,2pd), and theoretical methods up to coupled‐cluster singles and doubles with a perturbative triples correction [CCSD(T)] and the equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster method (EOM‐CCSD). Our theoretical predictions should aid the interpretation of observat…

Angular momentumZeeman effectChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureQuantum chemistryPotential energyDipolesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundAcetylenePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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